Maximum Pressure Campaign: US Sanctions Expand Iran's Shadow Fleet

Maximum Pressure Campaign: US Sanctions Expand Iran's Shadow Fleet.webp

Washington, February 25 – The US has imposed sanctions on more than 30 individuals, companies, and vessels linked to Iran’s oil trade and weapons programmes.

The Treasury Department said on Wednesday that the action targets Iran’s so-called shadow fleet and networks that supply ballistic missile and advanced conventional weapons programmes.

“Iran exploits financial systems to sell illicit oil, launder the proceeds, procure components for its nuclear and conventional weapons programs, and support its terrorist proxies,” said Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent.

“Under President Trump’s strong leadership, the Treasury will continue to exert maximum pressure on Iran to target the regime’s weapons capabilities and support for terrorism, which it has prioritized over the lives of the Iranian people,” he added.

The Treasury said that 12 vessels and their owners or operators were sanctioned. The ships were allegedly transporting hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of Iranian petroleum and petrochemical products.

Some vessels carried liquefied petroleum gas to Bangladesh and Pakistan. Others shipped high-sulphur fuel oil, condensate, naphtha, and grey ammonia to East Asia and other regions.

The Panama-flagged HOOT transported Iranian LPG to Bangladesh in 2025. The Vanuatu-flagged LUMA carried LPG to end users in Bangladesh and Pakistan.

Other vessels named include OCEAN KOI, NORTH STAR, FELICITA, NIBA, REMIZ, DANUTA I, ALAA, and GAS FATE. The Treasury said that millions of barrels of Iranian oil and related products had been moved over the past few years.

Several companies based in Panama, the Marshall Islands, the British Virgin Islands, Liberia, and Iran were also designated. The Treasury said that they operated in Iran’s petroleum and petrochemical sectors.

The Treasury said that the action is part of its campaign of “maximum economic pressure” on Iran. In 2025, OFAC sanctioned more than 875 persons, vessels, and aircraft under this campaign.

The department also targeted nine individuals and entities in Iran, Türkiye, and the United Arab Emirates. They were accused of helping Iran procure chemicals and machinery for missile and UAV programmes.

Companies based in Türkiye were said to have acted as financial intermediaries for a company based in Iran that produces engines for Shahed-131 and Shahed-136 drones.

Two companies were designated to support Marco Klinge. He was previously sanctioned for helping procure sodium perchlorate for Iran’s Parchin Chemical Industries.

Four individuals based in Iran linked to Qods Aviation Industries were also designated. The Treasury said that the company designs and manufactures Mohajer-series UAVs.

All property of the designated persons in the United States is blocked. US persons are generally barred from dealing with them unless authorised to do so.

The Treasury warned that foreign financial institutions could face secondary sanctions if they conduct significant transactions for the designated persons.

The United States has long used sanctions to pressure Iran over its oil exports, missile activities, and nuclear commitments.

The latest action follows the reimposition of UN sanctions in September 2025 over Iran’s failure to fulfill its nuclear obligations.
 
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advanced conventional weapons ballistic missiles british virgin islands chemicals high-sulphur fuel oil iran sanctions liberia lpg marshall islands oil trade panama shahed-131 drones treasury department un sanctions united states vessels weapons programs
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