Lahore, February 27: In a groundbreaking historical study, US-based researcher Dr. Tarunjit Singh Butalia has identified approximately 100 monuments from the Sikh Empire era (1799-1849) within Lahore Fort, with around 30 of them no longer in existence. His extensive research sheds light on the fort’s rich Sikh heritage, which its Mughal legacy has often overshadowed.
To enhance public understanding of the fort’s significance during the Sikh rule, the Walled City of Lahore Authority (WCLA) has commissioned Dr. Butalia to author a tour guidebook titled Lahore Fort during the Sikh Empire. The book will provide insights into the historical landmarks of the period and guide visitors through an informed exploration of the site.
Lahore Fort: A Symbol of Sikh Power
Dr. Butalia, whose ancestors held esteemed positions in the Sikh court, emphasized the deep-rooted connection Sikhs have with Lahore Fort. "For nearly half a century, it was the seat of power for the Sikh Empire. It holds a special place in my heart, as my ancestors were part of the Sikh court, as recorded in Umdat ut Tawarikh—the Persian chronicles of the time," he said.He also highlighted the impact of the 1947 Partition, which divided Sikh heritage, leaving many historical and religious sites in Pakistan. However, with relaxed visa policies and a significant Sikh diaspora in Western countries, more people can now visit these historical locations.
Historical Context: Sikh Influence on Lahore Fort
Initially built by Mughal Emperor Akbar in the 16th century, the Lahore Fort underwent several modifications by subsequent Mughal rulers before coming under Sikh control in 1799. Maharaja Ranjit Singh and his successors—Maharaja Kharak Singh, Kanwar Naunihal Singh, and Maharaja Sher Singh—preserved existing structures and contributed new ones. Notable additions include:- Hazuri Bagh Baradari – A striking marble pavilion constructed by Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
- Gurdwara Dera Sahib – Built at Guru Arjan Dev's martyrdom site.
- Samadhi of Maharaja Ranjit Singh – Erected near the gurdwara by his successors.
A Deep Dive into Sikh-Era Lahore Fort
Dr. Butalia’s research, spanning multiple countries, involved examining historical archives, maps, and sketches. He gathered over 20 detailed maps from 1825 onwards, with crucial inputs from the Panjab Digital Library in Chandigarh. His findings include a compiled index of 100 Sikh-era monuments, each named as they were known in that period, detailing their significance.A proposed tour pathway through the fort has also been developed, starting and ending at the Bastion Café, allowing visitors to engage with the historical essence of the fort as it was during the Sikh Empire.
Additionally, historical photographs and sketches of lost monuments have been included in the guidebook, offering a visual representation of structures that no longer exist.
Training Tour Guides and Future Initiatives
The WCLA plans to train tour guides to incorporate this newfound knowledge, ensuring a balanced and historically accurate representation of the Sikh era at Lahore Fort. The initiative aims to enrich visitor experiences and rectify misconceptions surrounding Sikh rule in the region.Dr. Butalia’s efforts mark a significant step in reviving and preserving Sikh heritage, ensuring that Lahore Fort’s history is appreciated.
